Hormone test to reveal when your fertility will come to an end

A hormone test may help women to beat the biological clock by predicting how long they have left to have a baby, say scientists.
The team of researchers from St Andrews, Glasgow and Edinburgh has found how levels of a key chemical change throughout a woman's reproductive life. This can reveal how many eggs she has remaining. The discovery will allow women to compare their own hormone levels with the average for their age to see whether they should be concerned about their future fertility.

Tests will indicate whether they are likely to have an early or later menopause, meaning they know whether they have to try for a baby sooner rather than later.

The process will also help young women who have had treatment for diseases such as cancer, which may have affected their fertility, to find out whether their hormone levels have been affected. It will also help older women who have put off having children to pursue a career. One in five babies are now born to women aged over 35.

This trend has raised concerns that some will struggle to conceive if they delay motherhood for too long, leading to a search for ways of predicting when women should attempt to conceive. For the latest research, the Scottish academics used all previous data plus their own latest findings on the Anti-Millerian Hormone (AMH) - a hormone produced by growing, egg-producing ovarian follicles.

They set out to map how levels of AMH vary at different points in the lives of healthy women by studying data from 3,200 women. They were able to deduce how a woman's AMH level compares with the average for her age as a result.

Findings could indicate whether they are likely to have an earlier menopause and should not delay trying to conceive, or whether their fertile life will end later. The study found that AMH levels peaked at the age of 24 but had almost halved by the time women were in their mid-30s and were almost nonexistent by their late 40s.

Tom Kelsey, a lecturer in the School of Computer Science at St Andrews, said: 'We knew that high AMH levels were good for conception but we could not back that up statistically. 'This study now provides us with the level you would expect to find in a normal healthy woman.' Professor Scott Nelson, from the University of Glasgow, said a major use of the new findings could be in helping young cancer patients wondering how their treatment may have affected their chances of having a baby. 'We can now see 18-year-old girls, know what their AMH is and put that into context,' he said.

Nelson added that if women of any reproductive age were struggling to get pregnant, the refined information could be used to indicate whether their AMH levels are normal for their age or below average. This could suggest how soon they might have to start thinking about fertility treatment such as IVF.

However, Prof Nelson said he would not recommend women in their 30s delaying having a baby because the AMH test appeared to suggest they had a certain number of fertile years left. 'It might be useful if you are much younger and in your 20s, but not in your mid-30s. For example, Down's syndrome risk is one in 250 at 35, but by the time you are 40 it is one in 100,' he said. 'If you wait those few years that risk is going to increase.'

Eating disorders may cause infertility a study reveals

Women with the eating disorders anorexia and bulimia may take a bit longer to get pregnant than other women, a new study has found.
U.K. researchers asked 11,088 pregnant women to complete questionnaires at 12 and 18 weeks of gestation. Of those women, 171 (1.5 percent) had anorexia at some point in their lives, 199 (1.8 percent) had bulimia, and another 82 (0.7 percent) had experienced both conditions.

A larger proportion of the women with the eating disorders took more than six months to conceive compared to those with no history of eating disorders (39.5 percent vs 25 percent). However, women with eating disorders weren't more likely to take longer than 12 months to conceive, the investigators found.

Women with anorexia or bulimia were more than twice as likely to have received treatment or help to get pregnant, 6.2 percent vs. 2.7 percent.

The study also found that 41.5 percent of women with anorexia said their pregnancy was unplanned, compared with 28.6 percent of women in the general population. This suggests that women with anorexia may underestimate their chances of conceiving, the researchers said.

"This research highlights that there are risks to fertility associated with eating disorders. However, the high rates of unplanned pregnancies in women with a history of anorexia suggest that women may be underestimating their chances of conceiving," lead author Abigail Easter, from the Institute of Psychiatry at King's College London, said in a college news release.

"Women planning a pregnancy should ideally seek treatment for their eating disorder symptoms prior to conception and health professionals should be aware of eating disorders when assessing fertility and providing treatment for this," she added.

Study to be published in: An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology.

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